Lawyer N. Kaufman's speech during the ICC's confirmation charges of FPRRD (1st of 2 parts)
(Transcript of the Final Submission of Defense Lawyer Nicholas Kaufman at the International Criminal Court during the Confirmation Charges Hearing of former Philippines' president Rodrigo Roa Duterte on Feb. 2026. First of two parts). "I would like to start off by addressing the requirement that the acts of murder alleged be committed as part of or in themselves constitute a widespread or systematic attack. The second requirement is that these acts of murder be directed against the civilian population. With respect to the unique ICC requirement of an organizational policy, I would suggest that this concept has been conflated with the common plan and as such I shall address the matter later in mysubmissions. So to start by reference to the widespread or systematic nature of the attack, I would like to draw your honor's attention to the fact that count one contains nine incidents of murder in one city, Davao, hardly widespread. Miss Robin Croft in her submissions yesterda...